從(cong)目前(qian)國內幾家(jia)(jia)(jia)大型閥(fa)控(kong)式密封(feng)(feng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)產(chan)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)來(lai)(lai)講，基(ji)本能(neng)(neng)滿(man)足(zu)各運營(ying)商要(yao)(yao)求，但(dan)各廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)產(chan)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)質(zhi)量(liang)、性能(neng)(neng)上有(you)所差(cha)別，從(cong)調(diao)查(cha)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)來(lai)(lai)看(kan)，部分廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)產(chan)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)因(yin)(yin)為成本較高、招標(biao)價太低等原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)存在一定的(de)問題，但(dan)在蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)質(zhi)量(liang)沒問題的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，部分基(ji)站蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)仍然下(xia)(xia)降過(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)大大縮短。從(cong)閥(fa)控(kong)式密封(feng)(feng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)產(chan)品結(jie)構、產(chan)品性能(neng)(neng)、基(ji)站蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)現場勘察情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)等綜合(he)因(yin)(yin)素來(lai)(lai)看(kan)，結(jie)合(he)交換局站使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)，閥(fa)控(kong)式密封(feng)(feng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在正(zheng)常情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)下(xia)(xia)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)1～4年后，其(qi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)(xia)降應不會這么快(kuai)(kuai)，因(yin)(yin)此造成基(ji)站蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)(xia)降過(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)縮短的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)應在于基(ji)站本身(shen)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)特點及其(qi)基(ji)站使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)環境有(you)關。從(cong)調(diao)查(cha)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)看(kan)，在蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)質(zhi)量(liang)沒有(you)問題的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，影(ying)響基(ji)站蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)(xia)降過(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)縮短的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)以下(xia)(xia)幾個方面。
第一(yi)，基站(zhan)頻繁停電(dian)、停電(dian)時(shi)間長、停電(dian)時(shi)間無規律，使蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)頻繁充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)，是造成蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容量下降過快和使用壽命縮短的一(yi)個較主要(yao)原因。
根據對(dui)基站報(bao)廢蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)解剖情況來(lai)看，導致蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)壽命終止的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)在(zai)于蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)負極板(ban)的(de)硫酸鹽(yan)化，這是蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)早(zao)期容量(liang)衰竭（PCL）的(de)一種典型(xing)現象。筆者認為造成蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)負極板(ban)產生硫酸鹽(yan)化的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)可能有以下兩(liang)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)：
（1）基(ji)(ji)站停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頻次(ci)(ci)過高(gao)，一(yi)天內(nei)停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數次(ci)(ci)，甚至(zhi)連(lian)續停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數天，使基(ji)(ji)站蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后尚未充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況下(xia)又放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)出(chu)現(xian)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)。如連(lian)續多次(ci)(ci)發生欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)，將(jiang)造成蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)累(lei)積性虧損，則該基(ji)(ji)站的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)將(jiang)在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)短時間內(nei)下(xia)降(jiang)，其使用壽命(ming)將(jiang)較(jiao)快終止(zhi)。蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)下(xia)降(jiang)的(de)速(su)度(du)與(yu)該基(ji)(ji)站蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)連(lian)續欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)的(de)次(ci)(ci)數成一(yi)定的(de)正(zheng)比關系(xi)。造成蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)下(xia)降(jiang)的(de)內(nei)在(zai)(zai)原因在(zai)(zai)于，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后在(zai)(zai)未充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況下(xia)又放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，正(zheng)、負(fu)極在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后生成的(de)硫酸(suan)鉛未能(neng)分別(bie)完全恢復成二氧化(hua)鉛和(he)金(jin)屬鉛的(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，正(zheng)、負(fu)極板又放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)產(chan)生欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)，連(lian)續多次(ci)(ci)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)，使負(fu)極板逐(zhu)步硫酸(suan)鹽化(hua)，產(chan)生不可逆轉的(de)結晶(jing)硫酸(suan)鉛，特別(bie)是在(zai)(zai)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于深度(du)過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)負(fu)極板的(de)硫酸(suan)鹽化(hua)將(jiang)更嚴重，硫酸(suan)鹽化(hua)的(de)速(su)度(du)將(jiang)更快，造成負(fu)極板表面被屏(ping)蔽，其功能(neng)逐(zhu)步下(xia)降(jiang)直(zhi)至(zhi)失效，導致蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽命(ming)下(xia)降(jiang)直(zhi)至(zhi)終止(zhi)。從現(xian)有基(ji)(ji)站蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)實際使用情(qing)(qing)(qing)況分析，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發生累(lei)計欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)可能(neng)性是存在(zai)(zai)的(de)。另(ling)外，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)雖存在(zai)(zai)多次(ci)(ci)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)，但二次(ci)(ci)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)或(huo)多次(ci)(ci)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)不是有規(gui)律連(lian)續發生的(de)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發生累(lei)計欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)可能(neng)性及概率有多大，有待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)步確定。
（2）另外一個觀點，造成基站蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量下降、使用(yong)壽命縮短的(de)較主要原(yuan)因是(shi)由(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫(liu)酸化引起(qi)的(de)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池累計欠充(chong)將(jiang)導致負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫(liu)酸化外，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環次數增加或一定(ding)時間內充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環過度頻繁是(shi)否也將(jiang)導致負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫(liu)酸化，或者是(shi)導致負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫(liu)酸化的(de)一個重要因素。
當然造成蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池負極板硫酸(suan)化(hua)原因除上述原因外還有多種因素，如電(dian)(dian)解液或玻璃纖(xian)維棉雜質超標，使電(dian)(dian)池自放電(dian)(dian)速率加快。浮充或均衡電(dian)(dian)壓過低，使部分硫酸(suan)鉛晶體不能(neng)被溶解。經常放電(dian)(dian)過量或經常小電(dian)(dian)流深放電(dian)(dian)，使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池初期充電(dian)(dian)效率下(xia)降。電(dian)(dian)池工(gong)作環境溫度過高，雜質離子(zi)更為活躍(yue)，加速電(dian)(dian)池自放電(dian)(dian)。
根據目前電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)生產廠家的(de)(de)規(gui)模(mo)、生產工藝及技(ji)術(shu)水平(ping)，造(zao)成基站(zhan)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)板硫酸化(hua)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因不在(zai)于產品質量，因在(zai)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正常使用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)板硫酸化(hua)的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)長，從(cong)而造(zao)成蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量難(nan)以恢(hui)復。另外(wai)從(cong)使用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)分(fen)析，不同生產廠家，不管進口或國產電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，都存在(zai)該(gai)問題。所以造(zao)成基站(zhan)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)板硫酸化(hua)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因在(zai)基站(zhan)頻(pin)繁停電(dian)(dian)，經(jing)常過放電(dian)(dian)和小電(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)深度過放電(dian)(dian)，造(zao)成蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)欠(qian)(qian)充(chong)，欠(qian)(qian)充(chong)連續(xu)多次(ci)的(de)(de)發生，形成蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)累計欠(qian)(qian)充(chong)，基站(zhan)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)循環次(ci)數過度頻(pin)繁，從(cong)而造(zao)成負(fu)極(ji)(ji)板不可逆轉的(de)(de)硫酸化(hua)。負(fu)極(ji)(ji)板的(de)(de)硫酸化(hua)是目前影(ying)響基站(zhan)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量下(xia)降，使用(yong)壽命縮短的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因所在(zai)。
第二，開關電(dian)(dian)源設置參(can)數不合(he)理，基站蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)欠壓保(bao)護設置電(dian)(dian)壓過低，復位(wei)電(dian)(dian)壓設置過低，使蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)出現(xian)過放電(dian)(dian)甚(shen)至深度過放電(dian)(dian)現(xian)象，從(cong)另一(yi)方面(mian)加(jia)劇(ju)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)負極板硫酸化，是使蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)下降，使用壽命縮短的(de)另一(yi)個主要原因。
目(mu)前基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)組合(he)(he)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)均(jun)設(she)置(zhi)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)隔(ge)離(li)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)功能(neng)或(huo)二次下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)。當蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至(zhi)某一設(she)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值時(shi)，開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系統將自(zi)動切斷對(dui)部(bu)分(fen)重(zhong)負載(zai)(zai)(zai)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)全部(bu)負載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)(yi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，確保(bao)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)較低(di)(di)欠(qian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)值設(she)置(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)(di)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)將出(chu)現過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，多(duo)次的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后未(wei)能(neng)及時(shi)補充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不足都將嚴重(zhong)影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming);另外如開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)復位電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)設(she)置(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)(di)，將使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中出(chu)現重(zhong)復多(duo)次放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);具(ju)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)較低(di)(di)欠(qian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)值設(she)置(zhi)應根據(ju)負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)小而(er)設(she)置(zhi)，而(er)目(mu)前基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)較低(di)(di)欠(qian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)值一般設(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)每只1.8V左(zuo)右(you)，有的(de)(de)甚至(zhi)設(she)定(ding)為每只1.75V。根據(ju)閥控式密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)結合(he)(he)基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)實際負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)（目(mu)前基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)實際負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)絕大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)均(jun)小于0.1C10A），基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)較低(di)(di)欠(qian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)值應設(she)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)每只1.8V左(zuo)右(you)。因此，目(mu)前基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)欠(qian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)設(she)置(zhi)參(can)考電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)(di)，如基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)長時(shi)間停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會(hui)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)出(chu)現過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，甚至(zhi)是小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)深(shen)度過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)要完全充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，恢復容量所需充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間較長，深(shen)度過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現有唯(wei)一恒壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條件下，一般是很難完全恢復其額(e)定(ding)容量的(de)(de)。所以(yi)(yi)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)參(can)數設(she)置(zhi)不合(he)(he)理(li)，從(cong)另一方面加劇電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)負極板硫(liu)酸化，從(cong)而(er)造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容量下降，使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)縮短。
第(di)三，基站(zhan)使(shi)用環(huan)境較惡(e)劣。基站(zhan)停電后，由(you)于(yu)無空(kong)調(diao)，使(shi)基站(zhan)環(huan)境溫度逐步(bu)上(shang)升。或者由(you)于(yu)空(kong)調(diao)故(gu)障，使(shi)基站(zhan)室內溫度偏高(gao)，從而降低了蓄電池(chi)使(shi)用壽命。
室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)均配置(zhi)空(kong)調，配置(zhi)的空(kong)調為一般柜機(ji)(ji)或(huo)分(fen)體式空(kong)調，長(chang)時間不間斷使(shi)(shi)用(yong)使(shi)(shi)部分(fen)基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)調出現故障而停機(ji)(ji)，空(kong)調損壞(huai)后有時得不到及時維(wei)修，而室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)為封閉機(ji)(ji)房，空(kong)調停機(ji)(ji)后使(shi)(shi)基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)大幅上升(sheng)，彩(cai)鋼板機(ji)(ji)房其(qi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)甚至可達到70℃以上。另(ling)一方面(mian)，即使(shi)(shi)空(kong)調正常，而基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)由(you)于停電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，無交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，空(kong)調也無法制(zhi)冷，特別在(zai)夏天(tian)，將使(shi)(shi)基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)大幅上升(sheng)，從而影響蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池正常工作(zuo)。室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)過(guo)高一方面(mian)使(shi)(shi)閥控(kong)式密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內(nei)(nei)部失水量(liang)加劇(ju)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液飽和(he)(he)度(du)(du)(du)下降（玻璃纖維(wei)棉隔膜(mo)內(nei)(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液減少）使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)降低和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命縮短。另(ling)一方面(mian)由(you)于室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)過(guo)高，將使(shi)(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池熱(re)失控(kong)效應加劇(ju)，從而造成蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池正極(ji)板腐蝕速率加劇(ju)、極(ji)板變形膨脹、電(dian)(dian)(dian)池外殼鼓脹甚至開(kai)裂等，較后導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)快速下降，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命縮短，根據相關(guan)資料表明，當(dang)環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)超(chao)過(guo)25℃時，每升(sheng)高10℃，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命將縮短1/2。
第四，基站停(ting)電(dian)后，蓄電(dian)池放電(dian)至終(zhong)止電(dian)壓，未及時進行補充電(dian)，也將導(dao)致電(dian)池容量下降和使用壽命縮短。
由于部分基站地(di)處(chu)郊區或偏遠(yuan)山村等地(di)，市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)應狀況較差，市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的次數多且停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間較長，往往一旦(dan)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至(zhi)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還(huan)未恢復，這樣(yang)一方面可能造成蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，另一方面電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后又不能得到及時補充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，根據相關資料(liao)表明(ming)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后如不能及時進(jin)行補充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，將(jiang)使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量逐(zhu)步下(xia)降(jiang)，經(jing)過幾次循環后，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)壽命將(jiang)明(ming)顯縮短。
上述4點原因(yin)(yin)(yin)是造成(cheng)目前基(ji)站電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容量早期失效，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命縮(suo)短的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)。當(dang)然影響(xiang)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容量及(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命因(yin)(yin)(yin)素很多，正常(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況下(xia)，影響(xiang)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素是正極(ji)板(ban)腐蝕速度(du)和(he)玻璃纖(xian)維隔膜(mo)（AGM）中電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液飽和(he)度(du)。但基(ji)站由于(yu)自身所處環境（市電(dian)(dian)(dian)供應、環境溫度(du)等(deng)）較特殊，真(zhen)正影響(xiang)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)在負極(ji)板(ban)硫酸化，而造成(cheng)負極(ji)板(ban)硫酸化的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)在于(yu)基(ji)站頻(pin)繁停電(dian)(dian)(dian)，造成(cheng)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)累計(ji)欠充及(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)循環次(ci)數增加；另(ling)外(wai)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)欠壓保護值的(de)設(she)置不當(dang)，基(ji)站室內溫度(du)過高，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)后未及(ji)(ji)時補充電(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)方面進一步加劇(ju)負極(ji)板(ban)硫酸化，這也可(ke)從另(ling)一面解(jie)釋為什(shen)么城區基(ji)站或供電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀況好的(de)基(ji)站電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命較其它類(lei)型(xing)基(ji)站長(chang)，早期蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命較近期電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命長(chang)的(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)。